Patterns, Sequences, and Sets

Nob’s Number Tree is a well-known brainteaser by the Japanese puzzle guru Nobuyuki “Nob” Yoshigahara, who wrote many mathematical puzzle books and invented many puzzle toys. This cheeky number tree puzzle seems straightforward, but the straightforward solution falls apart when you arrive at the bottom.

Difficulty - Hard, Patterns, Sequences, and Sets

Sequence Puzzle

Find the next two terms in this sequence:

10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 23, 30, 33, ?, ?

Difficulty - Hard, Patterns, Sequences, and Sets, Word Puzzles

Cryptic Pattern Puzzle

Replace the ?’s in each of these to complete the puzzle:

Part 1

“Asia” is H
“Cuffs” is S
“Ender” is I
“Redness” is F
“Fuchsia” is ?

Part 2

“Using” is E
“Desist” is I
“Visits” is E
“Design” is ?

Part 3

“Gross” is W or R
“Assign” is S
“Amassing” is E
“Design” is S
“Amassing” is S
“Arrows” is ? or ?

Part 4

“Pro-tem” and “row” are H
“Ties” is K
“Cohesion” is A
“Casino” is E
“Hocks” is either a word, name, ? or ?

Part 5

“Edna” is I
“Slang” is X
“Siege” is E
“Basin” is X
“Sin” is X
“Sin” is A
“Besiege” is X
“Signals” is ? and ?

Source: Matt Malone on Puzzling StackExchange (spoiler warning: contains the solution)