Classic logic puzzles in which you infer or deduce actions and outcomes based on information provided
Which of the following statements are true?
In Honkai: Star Rail, one side quest takes you to solve a number of puzzles involving cycranes, including one fun and tricky Dissatisfied Cycrane truth and lie riddle!
“I either can only tell the truth, can only tell lies, or must say a lie after a truth. You can only ask two questions, and then I’ll ask for your answer.”
—Dissatisfied Cycrane
These lying thief riddles are fun and tricky logic puzzles that will test your brain. In each puzzle, you interrogate a number of suspects, knowing that some of them are lying, and use that information and your deduction skills to find the true culprit.
There are 3 suspects in a robbery, one of which is the true culprit:
You know that two suspects are lying and one is telling the truth. Who is guilty?
Ava, Beth, Cam, and Derek each have a different favorite fruit and favorite color. We know their favorite fruits are apple, banana, cherry, and durian, and their favorite colors are blue, green, red, and yellow. We also know:
What is each person’s favorite fruit and favorite color?
There is a bag with 20 blue balls and 13 red balls. Randomly remove 2 balls from the bag:
Repeat this process until there is just 1 ball remaining. What is the color of the last ball?
A prison warden was feeling capricious and played a game with the prison keys:
What is the fewest number of days it would take for the prisoners to be sure everyone has their key? What was the strategy to achieve this?
In this sharing game theory puzzle, 3 friends take turns taking from a jar of 1000 candies to share. For example, the 1st friend could take 500 candies, then the 2nd friend could take 400, and the 3rd friend would take the remaining 100.
No one wants to be seen as greedy, but no one wants to end up with the fewest candies either. As such, their goals are (in order of preference):
All of them are logical, rational, know each other’s goals, but cannot communicate before or during sharing. How many candies should each friend end up with?
This puzzle was coined the “Impossible Puzzle” by Martin Gardner, a famous math and science writer that liked to create and write about math games and puzzles. The puzzle is named as such because it appears to provide insufficient information to solve, but it is in fact solvable! Read on for the puzzle and the (very difficult) solution.
There are two distinct whole numbers greater than 1, we can call them x and y (where y > x). We know the sum of x and y is no more than 100.
Sam and Prada are perfect logicians. Sam (“sum”) is told x + y and Prada (“product”) is told x * y, and both of them know all the information provided so far.
Sam and Prada have this conversation in which they truthfully deduce the numbers:
Can you figure out x and y using this information?
On a magical island, there are 100 lions and 1 sheep, all of which can live by eating the plentiful grass on the island. Any lion that eats the sheep will magically turn into a sheep afterward, such that there will always be a sheep on the island.
Every lion would like to eat a sheep, but would much rather prefer to not be eaten (they wouldn’t mind turning into a sheep if they wouldn’t be eaten).
If all the lions act rationally and know all the other lions act rationally, how many lions will remain on the island in the end?
A teacher gives three clever students in her class a challenge: she writes down 3 different numbers on 3 index cards, and has each student hold up one of the cards to their forehead such that they can’t see their own card but everyone else can.
She tells them each card has a different number, and that two of the numbers add up to the third number, and asks them to figure out their number without sharing the numbers they see.
Ava sees Sid has 40 on his forehead and Vlad has 60 on his forehead.
Ava says “I don’t know my number.”
Vlad says “I don’t know my number.”
Before Sid can say anything, Ava realizes she is now able to figure our her number! What is Ava’s number?